Philippines
The Philippines is a major center of diversity for the genus Nepenthes, with over 50 described species found across its islands. These tropical pitcher plants are endemic to various regions including Luzon, Mindanao, Palawan, and the Calamian Islands, thriving in habitats ranging from lowland forests to montane ridges and ultramafic soils.
Notable species include Nepenthes philippinensis, known for its prolific flowering and resemblance to Bornean species like N. hirsuta; N. alfredoi, found in the Mt. Hamiguitan Range and classified as critically endangered; and N. aenigma, which grows in shaded forest understories.
Many Philippine Nepenthes exhibit unique adaptations, such as non-climbing habits, glabrous stems, and specialized pitcher morphologies.
